math - What's a good algorithm to determine if an input is a perfect square?

Question

This question already has answers here:

Answer 1

bool IsPerfectSquare(long input)
{
    long closestRoot = (long) Math.Sqrt(input);
    return input == closestRoot * closestRoot;
}

This may get away from some of the problems of just checking "is the square root an integer" but possibly not all. You potentially need to get a little bit funkier:

bool IsPerfectSquare(long input)
{
    double root = Math.Sqrt(input);

    long rootBits = BitConverter.DoubleToInt64Bits(root);
    long lowerBound = (long) BitConverter.Int64BitsToDouble(rootBits-1);
    long upperBound = (long) BitConverter.Int64BitsToDouble(rootBits+1);

    for (long candidate = lowerBound; candidate <= upperBound; candidate++)
    {
         if (candidate * candidate == input)
         {
             return true;
         }
    }
    return false;
}

Icky, and unnecessary for anything other than really large values, but I think it should work...